Abstract
The definition and measurement of filial piety in existing research primarily focuses on the narrow conceptualizations of Asian filial piety, which would inflate cultural differences and undermine cultural universals in how people approach caring for their elderly parents. Employing the Dual Filial Piety Model (DFPM), this study aimed to examine the relationship between filial piety and attitude toward caring for elderly parents beyond the Asian context. In our study (N = 276), we found that reciprocal filial piety (RFP) does not differ across cultures while authoritarian filial piety (AFP) does. We also found that collectivism, rather than ethnicity, predicted RFP and AFP, which in turn predicted positive attitude toward caring for elderly parents. Our work demonstrates the cross-cultural applicability of the DFPM and highlights the universal and culture-specific aspects of filial piety.
Highlights
IntroductionThe number of persons aged 65 and above has outnumbered the population of children aged five and under since 2018 (United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Division, 2019)
Increased life expectancies and declined fertility rates have led to global population aging, and they are expected to continue at an accelerated rate (United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Division, 2019)
Using the Dual Filial Piety Model (DFPM) framework, we hypothesized that reciprocal filial piety (RFP), which develops from positive interactions between parent and child, is likely to be universal across cultures while authoritarian filial piety (AFP), which is guided by traditional Confucius notions of filial piety, is likely to be different across Asian and Western
Summary
The number of persons aged 65 and above has outnumbered the population of children aged five and under since 2018 (United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Division, 2019). By 2050, one in six people will be aged 65 and above, up from 1 in 11 people in 2019 (United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Division, 2019). As this demographic trend holds significant implications for labor force participation, economic growth, and consumption patterns (Bloom and Luca, 2016), managing the needs for an aging population is a pertinent social concern in the twenty-first century. Provision of care from family systems is increasingly important to aid the financial sustainability of public elder care services in coping with the soaring demands and enhancing quality of care
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