Abstract
The suspension system is referred to as the set of springs, shock absorbers, and linkages that connect the car to the wheel system. The main purpose of the suspension system is to provide comfort for the passengers, which is created by reducing the effects of road bumpiness. It is worth noting that reducing the effects of such vibrations also diminishes the noise and undesirable sound as well as the effects of fatigue on mechanical parts of the vehicle. Due to the importance of the abovementioned issues, the objective of this article is to reduce such vibrations on the car by implementing an active control method on the suspension system. For this purpose, a conventional first-order sliding mode controller has been designed for stochastic control of the quarter-car model. It is noteworthy that this controller has a significant ability to overcome the stochastic effects, uncertainty, and deal with nonlinear factors. To design a controller, the governing dynamical equation of the quarter-car system has been presented by considering the nonlinear terms in the springs and shock absorber, as well as taking into account the uncertainty factors in the system and the actuator. The design process of the sliding mode controller has been presented and its stability has been investigated in terms of the Lyapunov stability. In the current research, road surface variations are considered as Gaussian white noise. The dynamical system behavior for controlled and uncontrolled situations has been simulated and the extracted results have been presented. Besides, the effects of existing uncertainty in the suspension system and actuator have been evaluated and controller robustness has been checked. Also, the obtained quantitative and qualitative compressions have been presented. Moreover, the effect of controller parameters on the basin of attraction set and its extensiveness has been assessed. The achieved results have indicated the good performance and significant robustness of the designed controller to stabilize the suspension system and mitigate the effects of road bumpiness in the presence of uncertainty and noise factors.
Highlights
The automotive industry has witnessed rapid progress, and several studies in the cases of design of car shape based on aerodynamic optimization [1], [2], optimization of the air intake system of the engine [3], investigation of sound quality for passenger car [4], stress analysis and design improvement of door hinge for compact cars [5], study of fuel consumption for various driving styles in conventional and hybrid electric vehicles [6, 7], design optimization of the cowl cross bar-light [8], investigation of a rear independent suspension for light vehicle [9], and study of nonlinear control of suspension system [10,11,12]
Given the importance of active control for car suspension systems, this paper addressed the design and dynamic analysis of a quarter-car system
To achieve more precise modeling of the suspension system, nonlinear factors in the springs and shock absorber were taken into consideration
Summary
The automotive industry has witnessed rapid progress, and several studies in the cases of design of car shape based on aerodynamic optimization [1], [2], optimization of the air intake system of the engine [3], investigation of sound quality for passenger car [4], stress analysis and design improvement of door hinge for compact cars [5], study of fuel consumption for various driving styles in conventional and hybrid electric vehicles [6, 7], design optimization of the cowl cross bar-light [8], investigation of a rear independent suspension for light vehicle [9], and study of nonlinear control of suspension system [10,11,12]have been conducted to develop and optimize different aspects of vehicle performance. e suspension system is one of the main components of a car which plays an important role in providing passenger comfort. e suspension system is generally divided into three classes of passive, semiactive, and active. e main task of this system is to reduce the amplitude and unwanted effects of vibrations imposed by road surface roughness on the car’s chassis. Have been conducted to develop and optimize different aspects of vehicle performance. E suspension system is one of the main components of a car which plays an important role in providing passenger comfort. E main task of this system is to reduce the amplitude and unwanted effects of vibrations imposed by road surface roughness on the car’s chassis. In addition to providing comfort, reducing such impacts plays an important role in the transportation of goods and military industries. When transporting fruits, animals, or delicate materials, vibrations with large amplitudes are a matter of concern. Reducing vibrations is essential for Complexity accurate aiming of military vehicles. Damped vibrations improve vehicle steering [13], braking performance, and energy consumption. Fatigue can be prevented in many parts of the vehicle such as the body and engine
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