Abstract
The 21st century has seen rapid changes in technology, industry, and social patterns. Most industries have moved towards automation, and human intervention has decreased, which has led to a revolution in industries, named the fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0). Industry 4.0 or the fourth industrial revolution (IR 4.0) relies heavily on the Internet of Things (IoT) and wireless sensor networks (WSN). IoT and WSN are used in various control systems, including environmental monitoring, home automation, and chemical/biological attack detection. IoT devices and applications are used to process extracted data from WSN devices and transmit them to remote locations. This systematic literature review offers a wide range of information on Industry 4.0, finds research gaps, and recommends future directions. Seven research questions are addressed in this article: (i) What are the contributions of WSN in IR 4.0? (ii) What are the contributions of IoT in IR 4.0? (iii) What are the types of WSN coverage areas for IR 4.0? (iv) What are the major types of network intruders in WSN and IoT systems? (v) What are the prominent network security attacks in WSN and IoT? (vi) What are the significant issues in IoT and WSN frameworks? and (vii) What are the limitations and research gaps in the existing work? This study mainly focuses on research solutions and new techniques to automate Industry 4.0. In this research, we analyzed over 130 articles from 2014 until 2021. This paper covers several aspects of Industry 4.0, from the designing phase to security needs, from the deployment stage to the classification of the network, the difficulties, challenges, and future directions.
Highlights
Smart technologies play a crucial role in sustainable economic growth
Research Questions (RQ) RQ1 What are the contributions of wireless sensor networks (WSN) in IR 4.0? RQ2 What are the contributions of Internet of Things (IoT) in IR 4.0? RQ3 What are the types of WSN coverage areas for IR 4.0? RQ4 What are the major types of network intruders in WSN and IoT systems? RQ5 What are the prominent network security attacks in WSN and IoT? RQ6 What are the major issues in IoT and WSN frameworks? RQ7 What are the limitations and research gaps in the existing work?
Selection Results As mentioned earlier, the downloaded articles were based on the initial screening processes, which were based on inclusion criteria
Summary
Smart technologies play a crucial role in sustainable economic growth They transform houses, offices, factories, and even cities into autonomic, self-controlled systems without human intervention [1]. IoT has gained much importance due to the abundant usage of these tiny networked devices These are smart, yet basic things that can sense and communicate wirelessly [4]. WSN is a collection of sensor and routing nodes, as shown, which may be put together in the environment to predict physical conditions, such as wind, temperature, and many others. These networks collect and process data from tiny nodes and transfer it to the operators. WSN plays a significant role in aquaculture and the oil industry, including data collection, offshore exploration, disaster prevention, tactical surveillance, and pollution monitoring [6–8]
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