Abstract
In view to the epochal scenarios that nanotech- nology discloses, nano-electronics has the potential to introduce a paradigm shift in electronic systems design similar to that of the transition from vacuum tubes to semi- conductor devices. Since low dimensional (1D and 2D) nano-structured materials exhibit unprecedented electro- mechanical properties in a wide frequency range, includ- ing radio-frequencies (RF), microwave nano-electronics provides an enormous and yet widely undiscovered opportunity for the engineering community. Carbon nano- electronics is one of the main research routes of RF/micro- wave nano-electronics. In particular, graphene has shown proven results as an emblematic protagonist, and a real solution for a wide variety of microwave electronic devices and circuits. This paper introduces graphene properties in the microwave range, and presents a paradigm of novel graphene-based devices and applications in the micro- wave/RF frequency range.
Highlights
Nano-technology can be defined as that part of modern technology enabling the practical exploitation of nanoscale science and technology from a multidisciplinary perspective, including electronics [1]
Graphene is quickly becoming an extremely interesting option for a wide variety of electronic devices, circuits and systems [10], such as field effect transistors [11], frequency multipliers [12], transparent solar cells [13], metamaterials [14], graphene plasmonics [15]. It offers the possibility of outstanding performances with much lower power draw, and, in perspective, the possibility of a fabrication process using a technology compatible to that used in advanced silicon device fabrication (CMOS)
The benefits of this nano-scale system are given by: i) tunability of the antenna parameters: radiation pattern, resonant frequency, directivity, efficiency; ii) tunability of the electromagnetic coupling with other radiating elements, and of the array pattern of an array of graphene patches; iii) possible reduction of the in-plane size of the patch owing to the slow wave behavior; iv) integration: in future, a new class of high performance carbon components will be hopefully integrated in the same circuit
Summary
Nano-technology can be defined as that part of modern technology enabling the practical exploitation of nanoscale science and technology from a multidisciplinary perspective, including electronics [1]. Graphene is quickly becoming an extremely interesting option for a wide variety of electronic devices, circuits and systems [10], such as field effect transistors [11], frequency multipliers [12], transparent solar cells [13], metamaterials [14], graphene plasmonics [15] It offers the possibility of outstanding performances with much lower power draw, and, in perspective, the possibility of a fabrication process using a technology compatible to that used in advanced silicon device fabrication (CMOS). After the CVD growth, the graphene samples are transferred from the original catalytic substrate (e.g. copper) to the planned substrate suitable for the envisaged application This step, which involves techniques not so easy to reproduce or scale up industrially, is critical [23], [24].
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