Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is most notable for its role in directly infecting and killing CD4 T cells in the immune system, which can lead to the acquisition of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Currently, there are no cures for HIV-1, leaving 37 million people with HIV-1 infections and no definitive treatment. Researchers are working towards developing long-term treatments for HIV-1 using CRISPR-Cas9. These therapies include genetically engineering antiviral resistance into vulnerable cell types and cutting out viral genomes from infected cells. This article will explain the HIV-1 life cycle in detail, give an overview of CRISPR-Cas9 technology, and then go into detail about the potential applications of CRISPR-Cas9 for the treatment of CCR5 Tropic HIV-1.
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