Application of Theory Planned Behavior (TPB) and Health Belief Model (HBM) in COVID-19 Prevention: A Literature Review

Abstract

This preliminary study was conducted to provide a literature review about applications of theory of planned behavior and health belief model. These theories have been widely used to explain and predict a person's health-related intention and behavior. Health belief model as well as theory of planned behavior remain the best known theories in health behavior research. The health belief model suggests people's belief about health problems in order to reduce or prevent the chance of disease whereas the theory of planned behavior is about predicting a person's intention or behavior. In this study, we systematically selected and reviewed articles related to the application of theory of planned behavior and health belief model, particularly to its implementation in observing public health behavior. The aim was to identify the implications of theory of planned behavior and health belief model in behavioral health-related research and identify a potential research gap by using these two theories. Our analysis revealed that in Indonesia there were less studies which integrated extension of theory of planned behavior and health belief model, especially in evaluating factors affecting the public behavior from prevention of COVID-19. This study could be a basis of further studies which integrate extended theory of planned behavior and health belief model in investigating public behavior during the pandemic of COVID-19 in Indonesia.