APPLICATION OF THE MODELING METHOD IN THE RESEARCH PRACTICE OF FORENSIC EXAMINATIONS

Abstract

When researching objects, in some cases there are certain difficulties when obtaining a categorical opinion on an expert task is not always possible. One of the problems that hinders the intention of a forensic expert in ensuring the completeness of the study is the inability to directly study the object of study. The solution of the theoretical and practical aspects of this problem is very important, but so far this problem has been solved on an applied plane, that is, in different types of studies in the relevant types of forensic examinations, special research methods have been developed based on certain developments that, in one or another degrees apply the modeling method.
 The purpose of the article is to systematize the theoretical foundations of applying the method of scientific modeling I n forensic research, determining the requirements for building models in forensic research and creating a modeling method in forensic examination by stages of research.
 The article examines the historical formation of the modeling method, describes the content, terminology and essence of the modeling method as an effective general scientific tool for cognition. The main feature of modeling is fixed as a method of indirect cognition of objects of research through substitute objects, when the model serves as a cognitive tool that the researcher puts between himself and the object, and with the help of which he studies the object of interest to him. The classification of the types of models is presented. Cases have been outlined where modeling when carrying out research in forensic science is desirable, and cases are presented separately when applying scientific modeling when conducting research in forensic science is the only possible method for obtaining a definitive conclusion. The general scientific theoretical foundations of applying the similarity criteria and similarity theorems in modeling when carrying out research in forensic science are systematized, the requirements for building models are identified, and similarity signs are formulated in forensic expert research.
 A method for applying modeling at different stages of conducting research in forensics has been developed.