Abstract
As part of the NAWA-EMMAT project, geophysical surveys were carried out on selected sites in Poland, i.e. on the flood dike and in the surrounding of the concrete water dam. The goal of the surveys was the non- invasive detection of loose zones in the flood dike and fractured zones located in the subsoil of the water dam. Terrain geophysical measurements were conducted with the use of electrical and electromagnetic methods as well as applying seismic methods. Due to the limitations of the length of this paper, only selected results recorded on the flood dike using selected geophysical methods, i.e. electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and ground penetrating radar (GPR) are presented. The presence of several higher hydraulic permeability zones in the dike was suggested by the results of the ERT method. The GPR method allowed, due to its high resolution, to identify small leakage zones in the body of the dike. An attempt at a quantitative interpretation of the geophysical data was made; for this purpose, the synthetic results obtained from numerical modelling of electrical and electromagnetic fields were applied. For proper construction of numerical models and further interpretation, the results of geotechnical sounding, geological drilling and the results of petrophysical measurements were also used.
Highlights
As part of the EMMAT (i.e. E-Mobility, sustainable MAterials and Technologies) project financed by the Polish National Agency for Academic Exchange (Polish acronym “NAWA”), geophysical surveys were carried out on two selected sites in southern Poland, i.e. on the Vistula river dike in the village of Wawrzeńczyce near Cracow and in the surrounding of concrete water dam located in the village of Wapienica near Bielsko-Biała
The main aim of the ground penetrating radar (GPR) and the electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) surveys was to detect the loose zones existing in the body of the dike which may threaten the stability of this hydrotechnical construction during subsequent floods
Two main issues were analysed in this paper: the first one presented the usefulness of the two selected geophysical methods, i.e. Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) and Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) for the non-invasive detection of loose zones and zones with a high permeability in a flood dike; the second examined the importance of numerical modelling for proper interpretation of recorded geophysical data
Summary
As part of the EMMAT (i.e. E-Mobility, sustainable MAterials and Technologies) project financed by the Polish National Agency for Academic Exchange (Polish acronym “NAWA”), geophysical surveys were carried out on two selected sites in southern Poland, i.e. on the Vistula river dike in the village of Wawrzeńczyce near Cracow and in the surrounding of concrete water dam located in the village of Wapienica near Bielsko-Biała. The aim of the geophysical surveys was to detect loose zones in the flood dike and fractured zones located in the subsoil of water dam. For this purpose, the following methods were applied: electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), electromagnetic profiling (EMP), ground penetrating radar (GPR), capacitively-coupled resistivity method (CCR) and seismic methods, in essence reflection technique and multichannel analysis of surface waves. The main aim of the GPR and the ERT surveys was to detect the loose zones existing in the body of the dike which may threaten the stability of this hydrotechnical construction during subsequent floods. Geological, geotechnical and laboratory (i.e. petrophysical) information was used for proper construction of the numerical models
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