Abstract
Solid-state Nuclear magnetic resonance, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy were combined with theoretical calculation to investigate different crystal packings of α-cefazolin sodium obtained from three different vendors and conformational polymorphism was identified to exist in α-cefazolin sodium. Marginal differences observed among cefazolin sodium pentahydrate 1, 2, and 3 were speculated as being caused by the proportion of conformation 2.
Highlights
Understanding the solid form of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) is a key part of its development
The 13C Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data obtained from CEZ-Na pentahydrate in inert DMSO-d6 was typically similar to the data obtained from SSNMR
The data assigned from 13C NMR served as guidance for the assignment of the 13C Solid-state NMR (SS-NMR) data
Summary
Understanding the solid form of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) is a key part of its development. The differential and specific arrangements of molecules, such as co-crystals, solvates, polymorphs, and hydrates can determine a new chemical entity’s crystal form. The mechanical and physical characteristics of pharmaceutical powders and the manufacturing process depend on their crystal morphology and structure, which are basically determined by the directionality and strength of interactions among molecules within the crystal lattice (Hancock et al, 2000). Hydrogen bonding has received special focus because its directional nature causes anisotropy in molecular crystals (Payne et al, 1996). The types and numbers of donors and acceptors of hydrogen bonds and the directionality of molecular interactions should have a large effect on crystal structures
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