Abstract
Objective: The present study was planned to develop a mucoadhesive tablet formulation of the drug pentoxifylline using natural mucoadhesive polymer from the plant Ocimum basilicum Linn.
 Methods: The isolated polymer was used to formulate the mucoadhesive tablets with 3 different concentrations. The tablets were formulated by using direct compression technique and evaluated for various parameters such as thickness, friability, weight variation, hardness, mucoadhesive strength, swelling index by standard methods, and the in vitro drug release studies in USP dissolution test apparatus type-II.
 Results: The swelling index was indirectly proportional to the polymer concentration and the tablets with a high concentration of polymer showed better mucoadhesive strength (28.5532±0.4660). The in vitro drug release showed that the drug release was indirectly proportional to the polymer concentration. The formulation F3 showed the controlled release of drug pentoxifylline (99.84±1.86) for 10 h. The mechanism of drug release was found to be Fickian diffusion and followed the zero-order kinetics, which was proved by its highest linearity (r2) in all the formulations.
 Conclusion: The tablets formulated with the isolated polymer of Ocimum basilicum Linn showed the good mucoadhesive mucoadhesive property and it controlled the release of the pentoxifylline.
Highlights
Acquired mucoadhesive polymers are gaining much attention in the development of various pharmaceutical dosage forms [1]
The current research work is focused on the identification of a new mucoadhesive polymer and its application on the development of pentoxifylline mucoadhesive tablets
The in vitro drug release studies were carried out and the results showed that the release of the drug from the formulated tablets were based on the mucoadhesive polymer from the plant Ocimum basilicum (MAPOB) concentration
Summary
Acquired mucoadhesive polymers are gaining much attention in the development of various pharmaceutical dosage forms [1]. Bioadhesion, as a state in which two materials, at least one of which being of biological nature are held together for an extended period of time by interfacial forces [2]. Mucoadhesion is an obverse of bioadhesion, which is aimed to target the drugs to a particular mucosal area of the body. The polymers, those are water-soluble and become adhesive during hydration were used to formulate the mucoadhesive dosage forms. The mucoadhesive dosage forms are aimed to target the drug with increased gastric residence time, sustained/controlled release, minimized the first-pass effect and reduced adverse effects [5, 6]. Either natural (gelatin, guar gum and sodium alginate) or synthetic/semi-synthetic (Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, Carbopol 934 and Sodium carboxy methyl cellulose), may be used alone or in a combination of two or more for the mucoadhesive drug delivery systems [8,9,10,11,12]
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