Application of mathematical models in design and assessment of sewer network facilities

Abstract

The application of mathematical models has been expanding in the field of sanitary and environmental engineering. Mathematical models are used in the design and assessment of sewer networks and their facilities. Sewer network models make it possible to create a model of hydraulic and Physico-chemical processes in wastewater flowing through the sewage network. The number of extreme rainfall events is increasing due to climate change. It causes a collapse in the infrastructure of urbanized areas. It is possible to investigate the flow of wastewater under extreme rainfall and to propose measures to eliminate adverse events using mathematical models. Nowadays, it is possible to use modern calculation procedures, which are used to dimension and assess existing facilities. This paper aims to focus on the application of numerical models in the design and assessment of combined sewer overflow chambers. The combined sewer overflow serves to carry away a part of the rain flows from the network to the nearest suitable receiving water body. Their main task is to reduce the uneven load of wastewater treatment plants by rainwater. The combined sewer overflow chambers distribute the inflow into the flow going to the wastewater treatment plant and the lightened flow going to the receiving water. The aim of this paper is to summarize the knowledge of CFD modelling and to get acquainted with the basic principles. In brief, the normal flow describes its simulation using two basic models. Finally, it focuses on the recapitulation of foreign studies and their use in the assessment and design of relief chambers and regulatory objects of the single sewer networks.