Abstract
Nowadays the automotive industry is mainly focused on competition, and this fact forces vehicle producers to constantly look for improvements in the areas of quality and reliability. Life-span, flawless operation, and safety are directly interconnected. Therefore, much attention and resources are spent on research factors that affect the stated properties. Significant capital is invested in the optimization of the constructional solutions and innovative material applications related to the safety and durability of the constructions. This paper presents the results obtained while developing a new ecological three-wheeled vehicle. The main research areas were focused on replacing the original material with a light aluminum alloy, while achieving a substantial improvement in drivability for the three-wheeled vehicle by implementing a modified front wheel steering system. The submitted research achieved a weight reduction of the frame by 40 kg by applying light material substitution (EN AW 6063.T66), which will naturally have a positive impact on the range of the designed electric vehicle; furthermore, we implemented an innovative steering mechanism optimized during the experimental operations.
Highlights
The frame has been an essential part since the invention of the first automobile
As a result of the welding process, deformations and residual stress in the welded construction inevitably occur. It is just a relatively low strength, and a relatively large amount of heat that is brought into the material which represent the main reasons for deformations of the welded structures. These negative impacts are strikingly significant in the case of welding aluminium compared with welding of a standard material applied in the frame designs of the vehicles, i.e., steel [10,11]
The tensile strength arithmetically reached a value of approximately 165 MPa, which is an increase of 30% on average compared with the value of the strength after welding a given type type of of the alloy, as stated in [39], which is 100–120 MPa with the usage of the same filler material
Summary
The frame has been an essential part since the invention of the first automobile. The frame is the basic supporting structure for every transportation means, and its role is to provide a precise and accurate position for the particular construction assemblies to prevent their damage. As a result of the welding process, deformations and residual stress in the welded construction inevitably occur It is just a relatively low strength, and a relatively large amount of heat that is brought into the material which represent the main reasons for deformations of the welded structures. These negative impacts are strikingly significant in the case of welding aluminium compared with welding of a standard material applied in the frame designs of the vehicles, i.e., steel [10,11]. Four-wheeled vehicles to be for designed four or five passengers and theirHowever, luggage This solution limits thelimits possibilities for reducing the fuel the consumption. (b) a design solution of the frame from the alloy EN AW 6063.T66 for the designed three-wheeled vehicle
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