Abstract
The aim was to systematically review the efficacy of immediate loaded mini dental implants (MDIs) to retain mandibular overdentures in regards to survival rates of MDIs, peri-implant clinical and radiographic tissue response and associated factors. A literature search of English literature was performed using Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, MEDLINE (OVID), EMBASE, and PubMed using predetermined inclusion criteria. Specific terms were utilized in searching from the inception of the respective databases up to April 2021. The focused question was: Do immediate loaded MDIs supporting mandibular overdentures present favorable treatment options for prosthetic rehabilitation? The 11 articles included in the present review examined 349 patients (198 males + 171 females [66.65 ± 6.28 years]) in which 1190 MDIs were placed to retain mandibular overdentures. The mean follow-up duration was 24.5 months. The cumulative survival rate of MDIs was 97.3%. The mean scores of plaque index, gingival index, probing depth, and bleeding on probing ranged between 0–3, 0–3, and 1.203–1.76 respectively, whereas the mean marginal bone loss values ranged from 0.42 ± 0.56 mm to 1.26 ± 0.64 mm. The results identified that the application of immediate loaded MDIs to retain mandibular overdentures are a potential treatment modality for edentulous patients.
Highlights
Edentulous patients have had no other option than conventional dentures for re-establishing their oral function [1]
The population (P) was subjects rehabilitated using immediate loaded dental implants to retain mandibular overdentures; the intervention (I) was edentulous subjects rehabilitated using mandibular overdentures retained by Mini dental implants (MDIs); the comparison (C) was edentulous subjects rehabilitated using overdentures retained by standard diameter dental implants (SDDIs); the primary outcome (O) was the survival rates of MDIs, while the secondary outcomes were peri-implant clinical as well as radiographic parameters, along with the quality of life and satisfaction with MDIs where they were utilized to retain mandibular overdentures
The inclusion criteria were: (1) randomized controlled/clinical trials, retrospective, case-control, cross-sectional, or cohort studies conducted on adult human subjects involving immediate loaded MDIs for mandibular overdentures; (2) studies published in the English language; and (3) articles published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal
Summary
Edentulous patients have had no other option than conventional dentures for re-establishing their oral function [1]. MDIs (1.8–2.9 mm in diameter) have been indicated to be a surgical alternative to conventional dental implants for patients with narrow alveolar ridges [13,14,15,16,17,18] The Glossary of Oral and Maxillofacial Implants (GOMI) has defined MDIs as “dental implants fabricated of similar biocompatible materials as other dental implants but of smaller dimensions” [19] They present a single body system with a ball-type attachment incorporated and usually are placed in a one-stage surgical procedure [20]. (b) MDIs retaining mandibular overdentures do not show a compromise in peri-implant clinical and radiographic parameters, quality of life, or patient satisfaction
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