Abstract
The paper presents the application of focus-variation technique in measurements of ultrasonic vibrations of grinding pins. Ultrasonic vibrations of tools are applied in ultrasonic assisted grinding. Their measurements are significant for development of this hybrid machining process. Alumina and zirconia ceramic materials in the final fired state were machined in experiments which are known as scratch tests. Diamond grinding pin was used as a tool to machine scratches. Marks of diamond grains, left on the surface of workpieces after machining process, were investigated using The Infinite Focus Real 3D optical microscope. Focus-variation is the principle of operation of this microscope. Investigations concerned possibilities of measurements of an amplitude of axial and radial vibrations in the case of two ceramic materials. Results of performed measurements are presented and discussed for selected machining parameters.
Highlights
There is the great need to investigate the parameters of ultrasonic vibrations of grinding pins which are used in ultrasonic assisted grinding with tool vibration
It is easy to detect the traces of grains which are similar to the shape of sine function in the case of ZrO2 based ceramic material
Amplitude of axial ultrasonic vibrations may be defined on 2D images as the half of the distance between tops and bottoms of the trace
Summary
There is the great need to investigate the parameters of ultrasonic vibrations of grinding pins which are used in ultrasonic assisted grinding with tool vibration. Beside ultrasonic oscillations of a grinding pin, the tool rotates Connection of these two motions is used to improve the process course and its results (e.g. process forces may be lowered, self-cleaning effect helps to remove material from wheel’s surface). Amplitude and frequency of ultrasonic vibrations are usually indicated as main parameters of oscillatory motion of grinding pins. It has been stated [1, 2, 7, 8] that, depending on construction of grinding tool, both, radial and axial vibrations may be detected. The results of measurements of parameters of vibrations are significant in modeling and optimization of ultrasonic assisted grinding They help to understand the process course
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