Abstract
In terms of advances in technology, especially electronic devices for human use, there are needs for miniaturization, low power, and flexibility. However, there are problems that can be caused by these changes in terms of battery life and size. In order to compensate for these problems, research on energy harvesting using environmental energy (mechanical energy, thermal energy, solar energy etc.) has attracted attention. Ferroelectric materials which have switchable dipole moment are promising for energy harvesting fields because of its special properties such as strong dipole moment, piezoelectricity, pyroelectricity. The strong dipole moment in ferroelectric materials can increase internal potential and output power of energy harvesters. In this review, we will provide an overview of the recent research on various energy harvesting fields using ferroelectrics. A brief introduction to energy harvesting and the properties of the ferroelectric material are described, and applications to energy harvesters to improve output power are described as well.
Highlights
Two of the most important trends in recent electronic technology have been the size reduction and functional improvement of mobile electronic devices
The amount of output energy obtained from piezoelectric effect is ~ 5.92 μW/cm2 [1], triboelectric effect is ~ 0.7 mW/cm2 [2], photovoltaic effect is ~ 22.1 mW/cm2 [3], and pyroelectric effect is 1.4 μW/cm2 [4]
4 Summary and future prospect The unique properties of the ferroelectric effect, its spontaneous, switchable, and permanent polarization have attracted many researchers to develop many application devices, and energy harvesting technologies have exploited the unique properties of ferroelectric material
Summary
Two of the most important trends in recent electronic technology have been the size reduction and functional improvement of mobile electronic devices. BTO film was poled with an electric field of 100 kV/cm for 15 h at 140 °C in order to align ferroelectric polarization and enhance the piezoelectric output. 3.1.3 Ferroelectric‐polymer composite PENG In order to further enhance output power, other ferroelectric materials with higher piezoelectric coefficients such as PZT and PMN-PT were used for energy harvesters [1, 18, 21, 22]. At a high strain, enough compressive force is applied to nanocubes, so piezoelectric polarization is generated and aligned in a single direction due to stressinduced poling effect [27,28,29,30] This result shows high performance of ferroelectric-polymer composite PENG and its promising application in large area and under high pressure.
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