Abstract
To date, non-destruction testing (NDT) method is the most popular method to assess the condition of road pavement. Among all evaluation procedures of the NDT method, load-deflection backcalculation analysis is one that is developed widely to understand the structural behavior of road pavement. On one side, the use of this analysis is greatly beneficial for presenting the layer characteristic accurately. However, the analysis requires specialist expertise. To overcome this, deflection bowl parameter application could become one alternative. The parameters are very easy to use; however, the intention of the parameters so far is only as an indication of the condition of the structural layer of the road pavement. Therefore, the parameters have to be used with careful consideration. In this study, the parameters were evaluated to determine the optimal usage of the parameters against different structures of road pavements. The results showed that a simplification of the number of parameters and a reformulation of the parameters were required by taking into account the ease of use in practice, the accuracy of subgrade modulus determination and the possibility to evaluate pavement structures with a layer number less than four.
Highlights
Highway agencies have been encouraged to use more non-destructive testing (NDT) methods to evaluate the structural conditions of pavement
The main reason for this is because the NDT method leaves the pavement structure intact
Deflection bowl parameters are defined as parameters that make use of the deflection curve produced by the fallingdeflectometer (FWD) device as guidance to evaluate individual layer strength and determine the location along the road pavement that needs rehabilitation
Summary
Highway agencies have been encouraged to use more non-destructive testing (NDT) methods to evaluate the structural conditions of pavement. There are two methods of NDT in evaluating the pavement structure: the seismic method (known as spectral analysis of surface waves/SASW method) and deflection method (and using a back-calculation program to determine layer's elastic modulus) The latter is more popular; it requires specialists with in-depth knowledge about materials and its behavior, and information about layer thicknesses [1] to enable the calculation of the modulus value to be accurate. Deflection bowl parameters are defined as parameters that make use of the deflection curve produced by the fallingdeflectometer (FWD) device as guidance to evaluate individual layer strength and determine the location along the road pavement that needs rehabilitation. For field use, deflection bowl parameters are sufficient as an evaluation of structural damage from pavement structures
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