Application of combination of auxins in callus induction and proliferation of shallot cv Trisula and Sumenep through in vitro technique

Abstract

Shallot (Allium cepa L. var. aggregatum) is one of a strategic commodity in Indonesia. To increase of production of shallot seed, there needs a good tuber with high productivity tolerant to abiotic stress. One of the obstacles to increase of shallot production with tuber in good quality and tolerant to abiotic stress is not available. Tissue culture technique is one of the methods proved can propagate plant in large amounts and in a shorter time compared to the conventional method. The objectives of this research are to get the best media formulation for callus induction and proliferation. The explant used in this research are shoot tip of shallot from cultivar Trisula and Sumenep. The Media used were MS. The medium was enriched with (0,5 – 3 mg/l) 2,4-D + 2 mg/l picloram (0,5 – 3 mg/l) or NAA + with or without 3 gr/l Casein hydrolysate; and MS + 3 mg/l Picloram + 2 or 3 mg/l NAA + 3 g/l Casein Hydrolysate. The best media formulation for callus induction of Trisula variety was MS + 3 mg/l 2,4D + 2 mg/l picloram + 3 g/l Casein Hydrolysate, whereas the best media formulation for callus induction of Sumenep variety was MS + 0.5 mg/l 2,4-D + 2 mg/l picloram. The best media formulation for callusproliferation was MS + 0.5 mg/l 2,4-D + 2 mg/l picloram both Trisula and Sumenep varieties. These results could be used for plant propagation and breeding program of shallot in the future.