Application of chelator-buffered nutrient solution technique in studies on zinc nutrition in rice plant (Oryza sativa L.)

Abstract

It has been difficult to impose different degrees of Zn deficiency on Poaceae species in nutrient solution because most chelators which would control Zn to low activities also bind Fe3+ so strongly that Poaceae species cannot obtain adequate Fe. Recently, a method has been developed to provide buffered Fe2+ at levels adequate for rice using Ferrozine (FZ), and use of other chelators to buffer the other micronutrient cations. The use of Fe2+ buffered with FZ in nutrient solutions in which Zn is buffered with HEDTA or DTPA was evaluated for study of Zn deficiency in rice compared to a conventional nutrient solution technique. The results showed that growth of rice plants in FZ+HEDTA-buffered nutrient solution was similar to that in the conventional nutrient solution. Severe zinc deficiency symptoms were observed in 28-day-old rice seedlings cultured with HEDTA-buffered nutrient solution at Zn2+ activities < 10-10.6 M. With increasing free Zn2+ activities, concentrations of Zn, Fe, Cu, and Mn in shoots and roots were quite similar for the FZ+HEDTA-buffered nutrient solution and the conventional nutrient solution techniques. The percentages of water soluble Zn, Fe, Cu and Mn in shoots with HEDTA-buffered nutrient solution were also similar to those with the conventional solution. However, with DTPA-buffered nutrient solution, the rice seedlings suffered severe Fe deficiency; adding more FeFZ3 corrected the Fe-chlorosis but shifted microelement buffering. Further, much higher total Zn concentrations are required to provide adequate Zn2+ in DTPA-buffered solutions, and the contents of Mn and Cu in shoots and roots cultured with DTPA-buffered solutions were much higher than those with the conventional or HEDTA-buffered solutions. In conclusion, DTPA-buffered nutrient solutions are not suitable but the FZ/HEDTA-buffered nutrient solution technique can be used to evaluate genotypic differences in zinc efficiency in rice.