Abstract
AbstractRecent developments in X-ray optics have allowed the development of a range of commercially available benchtop micro-XRF (μ-XRF) instruments that can produce X-ray spot sizes of 20–30 μm on the sample, allowing major- and trace-element analysis on a range of sample types and sizes with minimal sample preparation. Such instruments offer quantitative analysis using fundamental parameter based 'standardless' quantification algorithms. The accuracy and precision of this quantitative analysis on geological materials, and application of micro-XRF to wider geological problems is assessed using a single benchtop micro-XRF instrument. Quantitative analysis of internal reference materials and international standards shows that such instruments can provide highly reproducible data but that, for many silicate materials, standardless quantification is not accurate.Accuracy can be improved, however, by using a simple type-calibration against a reference material of similar matrix and composition. Qualitative analysis with micro-XRF can simplify and streamline sample characterization and processing for subsequent geochemical and isotopic analysis.
Highlights
CHEMICAL characterization of rocks and minerals is fundamental to the study of geology and earth sciences
Advertised applications focus on imaging elemental variations in a sample, as is routinely carried out for major elements using electron microprobe analysis (EMPA) and scanning electron microscopy energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEMEDS)
We provide a summary of the fundamental parameter quantification method, discuss why this is the preferred quantification method for μ-X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis, and highlight potential sources of error
Summary
CHEMICAL characterization of rocks and minerals is fundamental to the study of geology and earth sciences. Influence coefficients are determined for each element of interest by analysis of well-characterized reference materials, or standards, which must be of comparable quality (matrix, composition) to the samples being analysed.
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