Abstract

AFM has evolved into one of the most used imaging tool in the fields of physics, biology and material science. AFM is based on mapping of an atomic-force field on a surface of materials with nondestructive probes. It provides a detailed topographical investigations and three-dimensional image of an object surface. One of the main advantages of the AFM method is the flexibility of the conditions in which it is used. AFM imaging can be conducted in an ambient or liquid environment with minimal compromise to its resolution.

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