Abstract
Typically, in Self-Amplified Spontaneous Emission Free Electron Laser (SASE FEL) based short-pulse schemes, pulse duration is limited by FEL coherence time. For hard X-ray FELs, coherence time is in a few hundred attosecond range while for XUV and soft X-ray FELs it is in the femtosecond regime. In this paper the modification of so-called chirp-taper scheme is developed that allows to overcome the coherence time barrier. Numerical simulations for XUV and soft X-ray FEL user facility FLASH demonstrate that one can generate a few hundred attosecond long pulses in the wavelength range 2 - 10 nm with peak power reaching hundreds of megawatts. With several thousand pulses per second this can be a unique source for attosecond science.
Highlights
Attosecond science [1] is rapidly developing nowadays thanks to the laser-based techniques such as chirped-pulse amplification and high-harmonic generation
There are different schemes proposed for generation of attosecond x-ray pulses in free electron lasers [2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]
In the chirptaper scheme [7], a slice with the strongest energy chirp is selected for lasing by application of a strong reverse undulator taper that compensates FEL gain degradation within that slice
Summary
Attosecond science [1] is rapidly developing nowadays thanks to the laser-based techniques such as chirped-pulse amplification and high-harmonic generation. There are different schemes proposed for generation of attosecond x-ray pulses in free electron lasers [2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9] Many of these schemes make use of a few-cycle intense laser pulse to modulate electron energy in a short undulator, and to make only a short slice (a fraction of wavelength) efficiently lase in a SASE undulator. For XUV and soft x-ray regimes the coherence time is in femtosecond range, and a longer wavelength laser is needed [13] to match a lasing slice duration and coherence time. In this paper a simple method is developed [14] to overcome this barrier and to produce XUV and soft x-ray pulses that are much shorter than FEL coherence time, and can be as short as few hundred attoseconds
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