Application of a Lead Film Electrode in Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetry for the Determination of Indium Trace in Water Samples

Abstract

The in situ plated lead film electrode for adsorptive stripping voltammetric measurements of trace levels of In(III) was proposed. The optimum electroanalytical performance was achieved in electrolyte solution comprising 0.2 mol L−1 acetate buffer pH = 4.5, 5 × 10−5 mol L−1 Pb(II), 5 × 10−4 mol L−1 cupferron. The lead film electrode formation and the In(III)–cupferron complex adsorption on the electrode were performed using the following potentials −1.6 V (10 s) and −0.7 V (60 s) versus Ag/AgCl reference electrode, respectively. The procedure exhibited excellent parameters in the presence of dissolved oxygen with the calculated detection limit of 1.65 × 10−10 mol L−1, repeatability with RSD of 4.4% (n = 5), and linear response in the examined concentration range from 5 × 10−10 to 2 × 10−7 mol L−1. The application of the proposed procedure was successfully examined by recovery of In(III) from spiked natural water samples.