Abstract

为了预测水分和养分对胡麻籽粒产量、生物量与水分生产率的影响, 使用FAO研发的水分驱动作物模型AquaCrop对胡麻在不同灌溉与氮磷水平下的生长情况进行模拟和验证。试验分别于2011年、2012年在甘肃省榆中县良种场进行, 试验设置4个灌溉水平, 3个氮水平, 3个磷水平。模型性能的评价采用模型效率(<i>E</i>)、决定系数(<i>R</i><sup>2</sup>)、均方根误差(<i>RMSE</i>)和平均绝对误差(<i>MAE</i>)等统计指标。分析结果表明: AquaCrop模型校正的籽粒产量和生物量在不同灌溉与氮磷水平处理下的预测误差统计值为: 0.97<<i>E</i><0.99, 0.11<<i>RMSE</i><0.33, 0.11 t·hm<sup>-2</sup>< MAE<0.42 t·hm<sup>-2</sup>, 与2012年的试验观察数据(0.96<<i>E</i><0.99, 0.11<<i>RMSE</i><0.42, 0.11 t·hm<sup>-2</sup><<i>MAE</i><0.39 t·hm<sup>-2</sup>)基本一致; 同时, 群体覆盖(<i>CC</i>)与生物量的模拟结果与测定值也非常拟合。AquaCrop模型在充分灌溉处理下预测胡麻产量, 比非充分灌溉处理下具更高的准确性。因而, 水分驱动模型AquaCrop在西北胡麻区不同的灌溉与田间管理措施下有较高的模拟精确性, 具有广阔的应用前景和价值。

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