Abstract
In this paper, the applications of thermoplastic, thermoset polymers, and a brief description of the functions of each subsystem are reviewed. The synthetic route and characteristics of polymeric materials are presented. The mechanical properties of polymers such as impact behavior, tensile test, bending test, and thermal properties like mold stress-relief distortion, generic thermal indices, relative thermal capability, and relative thermal index are mentioned. Furthermore, this paper covers the electrical behavior of polymers, mainly their dielectric strength. Different techniques for evaluating polymers’ suitability applied for electrical insulation are covered, such as partial discharge and high current arc resistance to ignition. The polymeric materials and processes used for manufacturing cables at different voltage ranges are described, and their applications to high voltage DC systems (HVDC) are discussed. The evolution and limitations of polymeric materials for electrical application and their advantages and future trends are mentioned. However, to reduce the high cost of filler networks and improve their technical properties, new techniques need to be developed. To overcome limitations associated with the accuracy of the techniques used for quantifying residual stresses in polymers, new techniques such as indentation are used with higher force at the stressed location.
Highlights
Various types of composite and polymeric materials are suitable as insulators for electrical systems
Plastics are especially suited to housings for goods such as hairdryers, electric razors, and food mixers as they protect the user from the risk of electric shock
HV insulating systems’ fabrication involves utilizing composite polymer; its application could be seen in electrical appliances
Summary
Various types of composite and polymeric materials are suitable as insulators for electrical systems. The evolution and limitations of polymeric insulated power cables for various applications and their advantages and future trends are mentioned These are extensively applicable with high-voltage (HV) systems as insulation material. Smart polymeric materials are a well-known composite for the new generation in biochemical sciences It can enclose unique potential by using different compounds with distinct properties for biological and medicinal applications. Epoxy resin and polyethylene are cross-linked with different sizes of particles used for insulating systems These polymeric materials are applicable with HV systems power generators, transformers, cables, or in general, for electrical equipment.
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