Abstract
Abstract Dilute sprays were applied with a hand sprayer (450 psi) at pink (4 May), petal fall (27 May), and as cover sprays on 14 and 28 Jun, 13 and 27 Jul, 8 and 22 Aug. Treatments were replicated three times (two six-tree plots and one eight-tree plot) in a RCBD. At harvest (30 Aug-5 Sep), 100 ‘Mcintosh’ and 100 ‘Cortland’ apples per replication were scored for insect damage. ERM and predaceous mites were sampled on 25 randomly selected ‘Mcintosh’ leaves/replication on 5 Jul, 1 and 16 Aug. On 29 Jul (48 h posttreatment) aphids were counted on the third and fourth distal leaves on five terminals per tree on a ‘Mcintosh’ and ‘Cortland’ tree in each replication. WALH were counted on 50 spur leaves (‘Rhode Island Greening’, Rep I and II, and ‘Mcintosh’ trees, Rep III) on 31 Aug. First generation STLM tissue mines were counted on 25 ‘Mcintosh’ terminals or non-fruiting clusters per tree per replication on 6 Jul. Second generation STLM tissue mines were counted on the six distal leaves on 20 randomly selected “hardened off’ ‘Mcintosh’ terminals per replication on 29 Aug.
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