Apple, All Season Insecticide Test, 1985

Abstract

Abstract A 15-year-old orchard located at the Rutgers Fruit Research & Development Center, Cream Ridge, NJ was used in this test. Sprays were applied to single-tree plots consisting of 2 replicates of ‘Yellow Delicious’ and 1 of ‘Red Delicious’ arranged in a randomized complete block design. Trees were sprayed to runoff (ca 5 gal/tree; 300 GPA) using a hydraulic sprayer equipped with a hand-gun and operated at 200 psi. Spray dates were 12 Apr (P), 1-4 May (PF), 13 May (1C), 28 May (2C), 10 Jun (3C), 25 Jun (4C), 15 Jul (5C), 5 Aug (6C), and 2 Sep (7C). For disease control the entire orchard was sprayed with Captan and Polyram as needed. European red mite (ERM) estimates were made by randomly picking 25 leaves per replicate, brushing the mites onto glass plates and counting mobile mites. Sampling methods for the various insects in the tables are as follows: RAA = no. of RAA colonies/tree; AA = avg. no. of AA/terminal/tree (20 terminals counted); WALHa = no. of WALH nymphs and adults/3 minute count; WALHb = no. of WALH damaged leaves/3 minute count; EASFa = no. of EASF damaged fruit/3 minute count; STLM = no. of STLM mines/3 minute count; Stethorus = no. of S. punctum larvae, pupae and adults/ 3 minute count; PC = no. of PC damaged fruit/100; TPB = no. of TPB damaged fruit/100; AM = no. of AM damaged fruit/100; FS = no. of flyspeck damaged fruit/100; BR = no. of brown rotted fruit/100; RAA = no. of RAA damaged fruit/100; JB = no. of JB damaged fruit/100; TABM+LR = no. of TABM and/or LR damaged fruit/100; OFM+CM = no. of OFM and/or CM damaged fruit/100; EASFb = no. of EASF damaged fruit/100. Russet = avg. % russet/fruit (100 fruit evaluated); Sugar = avg. sugar content (% soluble solids)/fruit (100 fruit measured); Press = avg. pressure (Kg)/fruit (100 fruit measured); Diam = avg. diameter (mm)/fruit (100 fruit measured). Mite-days were calculated as follows: MD = MD1 + [(Ml + M2)/2 × Y], where MD1 = mite days already accumulated, Ml = avg ERM/leaf on a given counting date, M2 = avg ERM/leaf on the next counting date after Ml and Y = number of days between Ml and M2. Data were transformed to × + 1, or arcsin (x) prior to analysis of variance and comparison of means. In tables numbers followed by the same letter are not significantly different (alpha = 0.05; DMRT).