APOE基因型多态性对阿尔茨海默病应激过程的影响

Abstract

目前仅有两个基因与长寿密切相关，APOE就是其中之一。载脂蛋白E(APOE)是一种在脂质和脂蛋白代谢中起重要作用的血浆蛋白。在人类有三种主要的APOE亚型，为APOE2，APOE3和APOE4。在这三种亚型中，APOE3是最常见的，而APOE4显示与年龄相关的疾病(包括心血管和阿尔茨海默病)相关，并随着年龄的增加导致死亡风险增加。APOE 基因多态性影响氧化应激和相应的线粒体功能。APOE 基因多态性参与衰老过程的应激反应，包括内质网应激反应和免疫功能。本文阐述APOE基因型对应激反应过程的影响，着重介绍线粒体功能，内质网应激和免疫反应之间的关系。 Currently, only two genes are closely related to longevity, and APOE is one of them. Apolipoprotein E (APOE) is a plasma protein that plays an important role in the metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins. In humans, there are three major APOE subtypes, APOE2, APOE3, and APOE4. Of these three subtypes, APOE3 is the most common, while APOE4 appears to be associated with age related diseases, including cardiovascular and Alzheimer’s disease, and is associated with an increased risk of death as age increases. The APOE polymorphism affects oxidative stress and the corresponding mitochondrial function. The APOE gene polymorphism is involved in the stress response of the aging process, including endoplasmic reticulum stress and immune function. This review describes the effects of APOE genotype on stress response, focusing on the relationship between mitochondrial function, endoplasmic reticulum stress and immune response.