Apatite derived three dimensional (3D) porous scaffolds for tissue engineering applications

Abstract

Three-dimensional (3D) porous apatite (HAP) scaffold has recently emerging as functional biomaterials in bone tissue engineering and wound healing. Here we present a study of the preparation of apatite (HAP) scaffold by gel-casting technique. The scaffold prepared as engineering constructs with non-uniform porosity and interconnected pores with a micro size of 2 μm–2.4 μm range. The resultant scaffolds were characterized in terms of crystalline phase, structure, chemical composition, physical and mechanical properties analyzed by various techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), water contact angle (WCA), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and Energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS). The surface reactivity of the resultant porous apatite (HAP) scaffolds was analyzed by immersion studies in simulated body fluid (SBF) solution. More importantly, Human osteosarcoma cancer cell (MG63) was used to determine the cytotoxicity of porous HAP scaffold at various concentrations of 10–1000 μg/mL for 24 h and the cytotoxicity were observed using MTT assays. The obtained result reveals that it is a suitable material for hard tissue regeneration.