Anxiolytic and antipyretic properties of the root aqueous extract of Bombax costatum Pellegr. et Vuillet. (Bombacaceae) in mice: Implication of behavioural and neurochemical approaches

Ngassia Wanbara Ngassia Wanbara,Germain Sotoing Taiwe Germain Sotoing Taiwe,Elisabeth Ngo Bum Elisabeth Ngo Bum,Alexandre Michel Njan Nloga Alexandre Michel Njan Nloga,Jacqueline Stephanie Kameni Njapdounke Jacqueline Stephanie Kameni Njapdounke,Neteydji Sidiki Neteydji Sidiki

doi:10.30574/gscbps.2021.15.2.0133

Ngassia Wanbara Ngassia Wanbara, Germain Sotoing Taiwe Germain Sotoing Taiwe + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2021.15.2.0133

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Abstract

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Bombax costatum Pellegr. et Vuillet. (Bombacaceaea) is a plant used in traditional medicine in Cameroon to treat memory impairment, anxiety, insomnia and agitation. Aim of the study: The aqueous extract of Bombax costatum is evaluated for its anxiolytic like effect in mice using experimental models. Materials and methods: The plant extract is administered orally to mice. They were tested one hour later in the stress-induced hyperthermia, hole board, and open field or elevated plus maze tests, respectively. Finally, the brain Gamma aminobutyric acid [GABA] content and GABA-T were quantified in Bombax costatum aqueous extract-treated mice at the end of elevated plus maze test. Results: Bombax costatum aqueous extract showed anxiolytic activity. In stress-induced hyperthermia test, the plant extract significantly antagonised the increase of temperature. There is a significant reduction in the stress-induced hyperthermia from 1.13 ± 0.06℃ in the negative control group treated with distilled water to 0.26 ± 0.02℃ in the group of mice administered 100 mg/kg aqueous extract. In addition, Bombax costatum showed antipyretic activity by reducing the body temperature. In the elevated plus maze test, the aqueous extract increased the number of entries into, percentage of entries into, and percentage of time in open arms. It also reduced the percentage of entries and time in closed arms. Conclusion: The obtained results suggested that Bombax costatum aqueous extracts possess anxiolytic-like and antipyretic activities in mice. This plant could be helpful in the treatment of anxiety and fever in traditional medicine in Cameroon.

Highlights

Anxiety disorders are the most common mental illnesses with more than 18% of the world's population is affected by anxiety, making it a major problem in psychopharmacology research [1,2,3]
There is a significant reduction in the stress-induced hyperthermia from 1.13 ± 0.06°C in the negative control group treated with distilled water to 0.26 ± 0.02°C in the group of mice administered 100 mg/kg aqueous extract
The obtained results suggested that Bombax costatum aqueous extracts possess anxiolytic-like and antipyretic activities in mice

Summary

Introduction

Anxiety disorders are the most common mental illnesses with more than 18% of the world's population is affected by anxiety, making it a major problem in psychopharmacology research [1,2,3]. Anxiety, which is nowadays a true disease of civilization, is frequently accompanied by personality disorders [4]. It is a normal physiological reaction existing in humans. Anxiety disorders are associated with a wide range of profound negative sequelae. Anxiety has an early onset and are associated with significant subsequent morbidity, so intervention deserves attention [2]

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