Abstract
BackgroundSoshiho-tang (SH; Chinese name, Xiao-Chai-Hu-Tang; Japanese name, Shosaiko-to) is a traditional Korean, Chinese, and Japanese medicine, which has been used to treat various conditions, including hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and chronic and acute liver disease. SH consists of seven herbal components, of which Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and Zingiber officinale Roscoe, are reported to have antithrombotic and antiplatelet activities. We investigated the antithrombotic activity of SH, including S. baicalensis and Z. officinale, as an integrative therapy.MethodsTo identify the antithrombotic activity of SH, we used a FeCl3-induced thrombus formation model. The mechanism of SH-mediated antithrombotic activity was assessed by determining platelet aggregation and coagulation times ex vivo, washed platelet aggregation, serotonin secretion, and thromboxane B2 formation.ResultsSH prolonged the occlusion time of thrombus formation when applied in a FeCl3-induced thrombus formation model. SH also inhibited collagen-induced platelet aggregation ex vivo in a concentration-dependent manner; however, it did not affect coagulation. Hence, to identify the antiplatelet effect of SH, we investigated washed platelet aggregations in vitro. SH significantly inhibited various agonist-induced platelet aggregations, and it completely inhibited serotonin secretion and thromboxane B2 formation.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that SH inhibited FeCl3-induced thrombus formation through antiplatelet activity, including inhibition of platelet aggregation, and serotonin and TXB2 production. Thus, SH may be useful as an integrative herbal formula for the treatment of thrombosis.
Highlights
Soshiho-tang (SH; Chinese name, Xiao-Chai-Hu-Tang; Japanese name, Shosaiko-to) is a traditional Korean, Chinese, and Japanese medicine, which has been used to treat various conditions, including hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and chronic and acute liver disease
Platelets are activated to respond to injury by plaque rupture or erosion, which leads to the release of additional agonists, such as thromboxane (TX) A2, 5-hydroxytryptamine, and adenosine diphosphate (ADP), which lead to further recruitment of platelets to injury sites [8,9,10]
In this study, we demonstrated two major findings: SH had an antithrombotic effect via antiplatelet activity, and the antiplatelet effect of SH involved the suppression of serotonin secretion and Thromboxane B2 (TXB2) production
Summary
Soshiho-tang (SH; Chinese name, Xiao-Chai-Hu-Tang; Japanese name, Shosaiko-to) is a traditional Korean, Chinese, and Japanese medicine, which has been used to treat various conditions, including hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and chronic and acute liver disease. SH consists of seven herbal components, of which Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and Zingiber officinale Roscoe, are reported to have antithrombotic and antiplatelet activities. We investigated the antithrombotic activity of SH, including S. baicalensis and Z. officinale, as an integrative therapy. Thrombus formation is a pivotal event in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Platelets are critical in all phases of thrombus formation, including the initial steps of atherosclerosis, progression of fatty streaks to atherosclerotic lesions, and any resulting thrombotic complications [1]. Thrombus formation is directly connected to the initiation of coagulation in fibrin production. Serotonin is released from dense granules during platelet activation. Serotonin was shown to play a role in platelet formation, and was related to the constriction and dilation of vascular vessels [12]
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