Abstract
<p class="Abstract">The present research work was conducted to appraise the antithrombotic activity of Mentha longifolia using in vitro and in vivo experiments. Aqueous methanolic (70:30) extract produced significant (p&lt;0.01-0.001) and dose-dependent increase in in vitro blood clotting time, bleeding time, prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin level with maximum effect at highest concentration. While in in vivo experiment, aqueous methanol extract showed noteworthy (p&lt;0.01-0.001) prolongation in bleeding time and clotting time after 30, 60 and 90 min of administration except for 25 mg/kg at 30 min which is non-significant. Moreover, plant extract exhibited considerable increase (p&lt;0.1-0.001) in bleeding time, clotting time, prothrombin time as well as activated partial thromboplastin time in rabbits after seven days of treatment. Additionally, HPLC analysis of M. longifolia aqueous methanolic extract illustrated the presence of various valuable phytoconstituents. In a nutshell, M. longifolia possesses potential antithrombotic activity and hence systematically proved to be beneficial in patients with vascular diseases.</p>
Highlights
Thrombosis is a multifaceted physiological process associated with pathogenesis of ischemic brain diseases and ischemic heart diseases (Rajput et al, 2012)
Determination of in vitro prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time Trisodium citrate was added in all the centrifuge tubes followed by the addition of 3 mL of blood sample from the rabbit (n = 5) and subjected to centrifugation at 3,000 rpm for 5 min
The HPLC analysis of the M. longifolia aqueous methanolic extract showed the presence of quercitin, gallic acid, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, m-coumaric acid, ferulic acid and trans-4-hydroxy-3-methoxy cinnamic acid (Figure 3)
Summary
Thrombosis is a multifaceted physiological process associated with pathogenesis of ischemic brain diseases and ischemic heart diseases (Rajput et al, 2012). Recent antithrombotic agents consist of anticoagulants, thrombolytics and antiplatelets which reduce blood clotting by dissolving previously developed clot or preventing new clot formation. These drugs are allied with severe adverse effects like bleeding, thrombocytopenia, drug-drug interactions, allergic reactions and cerebral hemorrhage. Owing to above mentioned shortcomings, there is need to seek out newer drugs with safety, effectiveness and lack of severe toxicity (Moll et al, 2002) Medicinal plants such as Triclisia dictyophylla, Dictyota menstrualis, Berberis calliobotrys, Orbignya phalerata have shown to have antithrombotic effects (Ajugwo and Ezimah, 2013; Albuquerque et al, 2004; Alamgeer et al, 2016; Azevedo et al, 2007). The current study was designed to corroborate the antithrombotic activity of M. longifolia to be used effectively in the cardiovascular diseases
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