Abstract
The Chrysactinia mexicana A. Gray (C. mexicana) plant is used in folk medicine to treat fever and rheumatism; it is used as a diuretic, antispasmodic; and it is used for its aphrodisiac properties. This study investigates the effects of the essential oil of C. mexicana (EOCM) on the contractility of rabbit ileum and the mechanisms of action involved. Muscle contractility studies in vitro in an organ bath to evaluate the response to EOCM were performed in the rabbit ileum. EOCM (1–100 µg·mL−1) reduced the amplitude and area under the curve of spontaneous contractions of the ileum. The contractions induced by carbachol 1 µM, potassium chloride (KCl) 60 mM or Bay K8644 1 µM were reduced by EOCM (30 µg·mL−1). Apamin 1 µM and charybdotoxin 0.01 µM decreased the inhibition induced by EOCM. The d-cAMP 1 µM decreased the inhibition induced by EOCM. l-NNA 10 µM, Rp-8-Br-PET-cGMPS 1 µM, d,l-propargylglycine 2 mM, or aminooxyacetic acid hemihydrochloride 2 mM did not modify the EOCM effect. In conclusion, EOCM induces an antispasmodic effect and could be used in the treatment of intestinal spasms or diarrhea processes. This effect would be mediated by Ca2+, Ca2+-activated K+ channels and cAMP.
Highlights
We studied the effect of essential oil of C. mexicana (EOCM) on the spontaneous motility of rabbit ileum
As EOCM was dissolved in Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), we studied the effect per se of DMSO on the spontaneous contractions of the ileum
The area under the curve (AUC), amplitude and the frequency of spontaneous contractions on longitudinal smooth muscle were not modified in the presence of DMSO (Table 2)
Summary
This plant is used to treat respiratory diseases, skin infections, fever and rheumatism [2]. It has diuretic, antispasmodic and aphrodisiac properties, and it has been used as a general tonic, an energetic or as a stimulating agent [3]. C. mexicana essential oil, isolated by Cardenas and coworkers, have been reported [4]. The toxicity of the essential oil of C. mexicana has not been reported, an aqueous extract of C. mexicana has shown no toxicity in mice. Mice treated with the aqueous extract of C. mexicana by gavage
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