Antisickling, hemolytic activities and toxicological evaluation of three plants species from the Nigerien Pharmacopoeia: Annona senegalensis Linné. Boscia senegalensis (Pers) Lam. and Ampelocissus afr

Abstract

The aim of this study consits to evaluate the antisickling and antihemolytic activities and to determine the subacute toxicity of three plants Annona senegalensis L.; Boscia senegalensis (Pers) Lam.; and Ampelocissus africana (Lour) Merr.. The plant material contains leaves and bark of Annona senegalensis roots, leaves and bark root of Boscia senegalensis and the roots of Ampelocissus africana. A single method (80% ethanol maceration) is used to extract the five samples. The antisickleemic and antihemolytic effects are established with sickle cells disease (SCD) in the presence of sodium metabisulfite. Subacute toxicity is tested on Wistar strain rats. All samples showed an antisickling effect but leaves of Annona senegalensis (LAS) showed the highest percentage of antisickling activity (89.55%) at 50mg/ml. The anti-hemolytic effect was demonstrated in all samples by inhibition of hemolysis in the presence of a hemolysant. The toxicity results showed that the aqueous extracts of Annona senegalensis leaves and Boscia senegalensis root bark have non-toxic effects to wistar strain rats. However, some manifestations including fatigue, stretching and slight dyspenea were observed at doses of 150mg/mL and 300mg/mL. This work can contribute as a starting point towards the development of an improved traditional medicine (ITM) method which can help to treat the sickle cell disease. Keywords: Annona senegalensis L., Boscia senegalensis (pers) Lam and Ampelocissus Africana (Lour) Merr. Antisickness activity, Toxicity.