Abstract
The purpose of the study was to investigate the antioxidant characteristics of Anisomeles indica methanol extract and the inhibitory effect of ovatodiolide on melanogenesis. In the study, the antioxidant capacities of A. indica methanol extract such as DPPH assay, ABTS radical scavenging assay, reducing capacity and metal ion chelating capacity as well as total phenolic content of the extract were investigated. In addition, the inhibitory effects of ovatodiolide on mushroom tyrosinase, B16F10 intracellular tyrosinase and melanin content were determined spectrophotometrically. Our results revealed that the antioxidant capacities of A. indica methanol extract increased in a dose-dependent pattern. The purified ovatodiolide inhibited mushroom tyrosinase activity (IC50 = 0.253 mM), the compound also effectively suppressed intracellular tyrosinase activity (IC50 = 0.469 mM) and decreased the amount of melanin (IC50 = 0.435 mM) in a dose-dependent manner in B16F10 cells. Our results concluded that A. indica methanol extract displays antioxidant capacities and ovatodiolide purified from the extract inhibited melanogenesis in B16F10 cells. Hence, A. indica methanol extract and ovatodiolide could be applied as a type of dermatological whitening agent in skin care products.
Highlights
Free radicals are atoms or molecules which carry an unpaired electron
Our results indicate that 0.05–1.0 mg/mL of A. indica methanol extract display DPPH
The methanol extract from A. indica showed potential antioxidant activity and ovatodiolide purified from the extract displayed a dermatological effect against melanin production in
Summary
Free radicals are atoms or molecules which carry an unpaired electron. The superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical and peroxyl radical are three common short-lived and chemically reactive free radicals. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as singlet oxygen, molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) are not free radicals, but are able to initiate oxidative reactions and generate free-radical species. It is reported that UV light radiation causes protein oxidation, DNA damage and induces the synthesis of ROS in skin, which in turn induces aging-related disorders or melanogenesis. The use of natural botanical antioxidants to protect human skin from the harmful effects of UV radiation is highly topical, having attracted increasing interest in recent years [4]
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