Antioxidant Defense Negatively Correlates with Oxidative Damage, Blood Pressure, Anthropometric and Lipid Profile in Hypertensive Women. What is the Lesson?

Abstract

Objective: This work evaluated the antioxidant defenses, anthropometric, oxidative and lipid profile parameters in hypertensive women and analyzed correlations between these variables to understand the impact of antioxidant defense in the development and progression of Systemic Arterial Hypertension (SAH). Design and Methods: The study included 154 women, 81 in the hypertensive group and 73 in the normotensive group. For the evaluation of oxidative stress parameters were analyzed the activity of the enzymes Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), Glutathione S-Transferase (GST), vitamin C levels, Non-Protein SH groups (NPSH), Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS) and protein carbonylation. Total Cholesterol (TC), High-Density Cholesterol (HDL), LowDensity Cholesterol (LDL) and triglycerides, total height, body weight, Body Mass Index (BMI) and body fat percentage were measured. Student’s t-test and Pearson’s Correlations were performed. Results: Hypertensive women had higher body mass, fat percentage, BMI, TC, LDL and triglycerides and lower HDL. GST, SOD, CAT, vitamin C and NPSH were decreased in hypertensive women. Oxidative damage parameters were higher in the hypertensive group. Positive correlations were set in hypertensive women between Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) and TBARS, SBP and ROS, SBP and LDL, PAS and triglycerides, LDL and TBARS, triglycerides and TBARS, triglycerides and ROS, and triglycerides and GST. Negative correlations were established between SBP and NPSH, LDL and NPSH, and triglycerides and NPSH in hypertensive women. Conclusion: The results suggest that oxidative stress, antioxidant defense reduction, lipid profile, body fat percentage and blood pressure itself interact with each other, being potential agents that favors the progression of SAH.