Antioxidant Compounds from The Stem Bark of Syzygium samarangense L

Seni Metasari,Heni Yohandini,Elfita Elfita,Muharni Muharni

doi:10.20884/1.jm.2020.15.3.626

Abstract

Ogan ethnic community in South Sumatera has been used a decoction of the stem bark of Syzygium samarangense L (locally named “jambu air” in Indonesia) for hypertension medicine. Hypertension is a degenerative disease caused by free radical activity in the body. This study aims to scientifically prove the use of a decoction of the stem bark of S. samarangense so that its use by the Ogan ethnic community can be justified. The research began with fractionation of the stem bark by gradient solvents, and each fraction was tested for antioxidant activity. Isolation of antioxidant compounds from active fractions was carried out by chromatographic techniques. Antioxidant tests on fractions and pure compounds were carried out by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. Based on spectroscopic data analysis and by comparing with literature, the pure compounds were identified as quercetin and gallic acid. Both of these compounds have strong antioxidant activity with IC50 quercetin 11.16 and gallic acid 11.43 µg/mL. This research proves that the use of the stem bark of S. samarangense for a degenerative disease by the Ogan ethnic community contains the truth.

Highlights

Keyword: antioxidant activity, gallic acid, quercetin, Syzygium samarangense, INTRODUCTION An ethnomedicine survey conducted on the Ogan ethnic community in South Sumatra found that the stem bark of S. samarangense was used to treat hypertension
The use of the stem bark of S. samarangense as an antihypertension is related to the presence of antioxidant compounds found in these plants
Fresh Stem bark of S. samarangense were collected in October 2018 from Tebing Gerinting, Ogan Ilir, South Sumatra, Indonesia, and identified at the Botany Laboratory, University of Sriwijaya

Summary

Introduction

An ethnomedicine survey conducted on the Ogan ethnic community in South Sumatra found that the stem bark of S. samarangense was used to treat hypertension. Fraction F2.2.3 (63 mg) was subjected to purification to yield compound 1 (21 mg).The F3 fraction (4 g) was chromatographed over silica gel column (70-230 mesh) and eluted by nhexane-EtOAc (5:5→0:10) and EtOAc-MeOH (10:0→5:5) to obtain three subfractions (F3.1–F3.3). The high antioxidant activity of the methanol fraction is due to to the presence of polar compounds such as phenolic compounds contained in that fraction.

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Conclusion