Abstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate the biological activity of four grape pomace (GP) extracts that are rich in polyphenols using C. elegans as an in vivo model. Different concentrations of the GP extracts were assessed for their effects on the resistance of C. elegans against thermally induced oxidative stress, accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and lifespan. The cultivation of C. elegans with relatively low concentrations of GP extracts increased their resistance against thermal stress and prolonged their lifespan, while high levels displayed detrimental effects. In the studied extracts, maximum protection was observed for levels of polyphenols around 7 to 9 µg gallic acid equivalents per cultivation plate. The obtained results suggested that small changes in the ROS levels could have beneficial effects, although further studies are required to fully understand the impact of the extracts and assayed doses on ROS levels to explain the mechanism that is involved in the observed effects.
Highlights
Phenolic compounds have been the center of attention of numerous studies, as they have been related with the putative beneficial effects attributed to moderate consumption of wine in the prevention of some chronic pathologies, such us cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, atherosclerosis, and cancer [1]
The four grape pomace (GP) extracts (L1, L2, L3, and L4) that were used in this study, whereby all of them were recorded as Eminol®, were industrially obtained by Grupo Matarromera (Valbuena de Duero, Valladolid, Spain) according to the procedure that was explained in Patent ES2319032A1 with some improvements, as described by Gil-Sánchez et al [12]
The total extractable polyphenols that were determined in the GP extracts ranged from 26.8 gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g
Summary
Phenolic compounds have been the center of attention of numerous studies, as they have been related with the putative beneficial effects attributed to moderate consumption of wine in the prevention of some chronic pathologies, such us cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, atherosclerosis, and cancer [1]. These compounds have their origin in the grape, and only part of them is transferred to the must during winemaking. Important quantities of phenolic compounds still remain in the grape pomace (GP). The discovery of lifespan modulation phytomolecules may promote the development of
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