Abstract
Objective: The goal of this study was paying attention on the chemical characterization of phytochemical compounds and their antioxidant activity of Sambucus nigra L.
 Methods: Phytochemical analysis was performed by Sambucus nigra L fruit extract. Total Phenol and Flavonoids content of elderberry fruit extract also determined using Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric method and aluminum chloride colorimetric method. Antibacterial activity was performed by disk diffusion method and Antioxidant capacity was investigated by DPPH assay, butylhydroxytoluene used as a standard.
 Results: The richest anthocyanin in elderberry fruits was cyanidin-3-O-sambubioside. The antioxidant capacity obtained for elderberry extract proved that elderberry shown highest antioxidant activity, being the richest anthocyanins. The antioxidant capacity of elderberry fruit methanolic extract was recorded 62.56±1.12 percentages of scavenging activity. We also investigated antibacterial activity against four species Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas putida, Bacillus cereus, and Staphylococcus aureus. There E. coli was recorded 12.0 mm and Pseudomonas putida was recorded 0.34 mm zone of inhibition.
 Conclusion: The conclusion of our study is that Sambucus nisgra fruit extract has very high antioxidant activity which makes it recommendable for food industry and dietary supplement.
Highlights
Sambucus nigra L. belong to Adoxaceae family, which growing on sunlight-exposed locations in Europe
The anthocyanins present in elderberries are showing important for favorable health effects related with their antioxidant activity and their capability has been recorde to protect against influenza A and B virus, colon cancer respective Helicobacter pylori infections [3,4,5]
The phytochemical screening result of elderberry methanol extract revealed the presence of phenols, flavonoids, tannins, anthocyanin and carbohydrates
Summary
Sambucus nigra L. belong to Adoxaceae family, which growing on sunlight-exposed locations in Europe. Sambucus nigra L. currently, more consideration has been focused on natural compounds that may valuable in dropping oxidative stress-induced diseases. Elderberries contain flavonols glycosides, organic acids and anthocyanins [1, 2]. There are numerous studies behind the idea that elderberry is an accurate pharmacy, measured to be an abundant source of bioactive components, which it is offered in modern medicine. The elderberry contains numerous compounds that may supply to pharmacological activities. High amounts of anthocyanins like cyanidin-3-sambubioside and cyanidin-3-glucoside. Less amounts of other kinds of flavonols, anthocyanins, phenolic acids and procyanidins have been investigated [6]. Some other components were identified such as vitamins, minerals carbohydrates include 7.5% glucose, pectin and fructose [7]
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