Abstract
Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) seed has high potential in the development of functional food due to its protein content with a special amino acid profile. Among the hematopoietic-derived cells, monocytes are endowed with high plasticity, responsible for their pro- and anti-inflammatory function in M1 and M2 phenotype polarization, respectively. Indeed, monocytes are involved in several oxidative- and inflammatory-associated disorders such as cancer, obesity, and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. This study was designed to investigate the role of chia protein hydrolysates (CPHs) in primary human monocyte–macrophage plasticity response using biochemical, RT-qPCR, and ELISA assays. Our results showed that CPHs reduce ROS and nitrite output, as pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion, and enhance the expression and release of anti-inflammatory cytokines. In addition, CPHs reverse LPS-associated M1 polarization into M2. These findings open new opportunities for developing nutritional strategies with chia as a dietary source of biopeptides to prevent the development and progression of oxidative- and inflammatory-related diseases.
Highlights
Healthy dietary habits are not enough to treat disease status, and it is necessary to find novel drug treatments and to develop new functional components, which can act as preventive therapy of several diseases related to oxidative and inflammatory chronic states [1]
chia protein hydrolysates (CPHs) was obtained from Chia protein isolate (CPI) after 15 min hydrolysis with Alcalase 2.4 L, reaching a degree of hydrolysis of 36.2% and a protein content of 75.03%
CPI amino acid analysis results and FAO/WHO/UNU nutritional recommendations for adults for essential amino acids are presented. It highlights the presence of negatively charged amino acids, glutamic acid and aspartic acid (176.2 and 85.2 mg/g protein, respectively), as well as arginine (108 mg/g protein) in CPI
Summary
Healthy dietary habits are not enough to treat disease status, and it is necessary to find novel drug treatments and to develop new functional components, which can act as preventive therapy of several diseases related to oxidative and inflammatory chronic states [1]. Bioactive peptides might be obtained by gastrointestinal digestion, fermentation, or controlled hydrolysis processes using exogenous proteases [2]. Regarding extensive hydrolysates of exogenous proteases, in vitro studies with seed protein hydrolysates have shown antioxidant biological activity, cholesterol lowering capacity, immunomodulatory properties, and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition, among others [4]. The literature reports many legume hydrolysates which exert biological activity [5], such as anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of soy [6] and in the GPETAFLR peptide (Gly-Pro-Glu-Thr-Ala-Phe-Leu-Arg), isolated from lupine hydrolysates [7]. Biological activity has been found in other vegetable seeds such as rice bran hydrolysates, promoting arteriosclerosis resolution [8], and hemp hydrolysates, preventing oxidation and neuroinflammation [9]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
