Abstract
Daucus carota seed is medicinally useful in the management of disease such as diabetes mellitus, which is associated with oxidative stress. This study investigated the phytochemical constituents, in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities of aqueous fraction (AQF) and ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) of D. carota seed in triton X-100 induced oxidative stress. The fractions were obtained by partitioning aqueous extract of the seed in ethyl acetate. Oxidative stress was induced by intraperitoneal injection of triton X-100, after oral administration of the fractions in mice. The results revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins and phenolics in AQF and EAF. AQF and EAF demonstrated significant in vitro antioxidant activities comparable to butylated hydroxytolune (BHT) with IC50 values of 0.30, 0.38 and 0.92 mg/ml respectively for DPPH scavenging activities. Induction of oxidative stress by triton X-100 caused increased malondialdehyde concentration in plasma and liver of experimental mice, which was significantly decreased (p<0.05) in the plasma of mice pre-administered with AQF and EAF. No significant change (p>0.05) was observed in the nitric oxide level in mice treated with AQF and EAF compared with triton X-100 control. The fractions caused a significant decrease (p<0.05) in plasma activities of glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) but no significant alteration (p>0.05) in plasma glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST). The pre-administration also resulted in decreased SOD and increased GPx (p<0.05) in the liver, but no significant alteration (p>0.05) in liver GST activity and GSH concentration. The results revealed that AQF and EAF of D. carrot seed possesses phytochemicals, which could be responsible for the enhancement of antioxidant defense system in vivo and alleviation of triton X-100 induced oxidative stress.
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