Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance is one of the most important public health issues. Besides classical multidrug resistance species associated with medical care involved in superficial or invasive infections, there are strains less commonly associated with hospital or outpatient setting’s infections. Non-diphtheria Corynebacterium spp. could produce infections in patients with or without immune-compromised status. The aim of our study was to determine the susceptibility to antimicrobial agents to Corynebacterium spp. from clinical samples collected from Romanian hospitalized individuals and outpatients. Twenty Corynebacterium strains were isolated and identified as Corynebacterium striatum (n = 7), Corynebacterium amycolatum (n = 7), C. urealyticum (n = 3), Corynebacterium afermentans (n = 2), and Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum (n = 1). All isolates have been tested for antibiotic susceptibility by standardized disc diffusion method and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) tests. Seventeen isolates demonstrated multidrug resistance phenotypes. The molecular support responsible for high resistance to quinolones for ten of these strains was determined by the detection of point mutation in the gene sequence gyrA.

Highlights

  • The Corynebacterium genus currently numbers around 129 species and subspecies isolated from human, mammals, and environmental sources [1]

  • The analyzed isolates were identified as Corynebacterium striatum (n = 7), C. amycolatum (n = 7), C. urealyticum (n = 3), C. afermentans (n = 2), and one isolate was classified as C. pseudodiphtheriticum

  • Our study demonstrates the presence of multidrug resistance Corynebacterium spp. in clinical isolates collected from hospitalized patients and outpatients in Romania

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Summary

Introduction

The Corynebacterium genus currently numbers around 129 species and subspecies isolated from human, mammals, and environmental sources [1]. Antibiotics 2020, 9, 31 the human skin and mucous membranes, they are sometimes isolated as contaminants in clinical samples [2]. The nontoxigenic strains have developed resistance to antibiotics, which makes it difficult for the treatment of infections [25]. To identify the species that belong to Corynebacterium genus, several types of methods are used: phenotypic, molecular, and mass spectrometry-based methods. Due to this variety of identifications possibilities, new species from the Corynebacterium genus have been isolated from clinical samples [1], such as the following that are presented below, the most frequent isolated species. There are more and more articles that report hard to treat infections due to nontoxigenic strains of Corynebacterium spp. with resistance to antibiotics [6,19,22]

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