Antimicrobial Resistance and Biofilm Formation Capacity of Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis Strains Isolated from Poultry and Humans in Poland.

Katarzyna Ćwiek,Alina Wieliczko,Gabriela Bugla-Płoskońska,Kamila Korzekwa,Jacek Bania,Aleksandra Tabiś

doi:10.3390/pathogens9080643

Katarzyna Ćwiek, Alina Wieliczko + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9080643

Copy DOI

Abstract

Salmonella enterica ser. Enteritidis (S. enterica ser. Enteritidis) is the most frequently detected serovar in human salmonellosis, and its ability to produce a biofilm and the risk of transmission from animals and food of animal origin to humans are significant. The main aim of the present work was to compare S. enterica ser. Enteritidis strains isolated from poultry and human feces in terms of resistance profiles, prevalence of selected resistance genes, and their potential for biofilm formation, by assessing their biofilm growth intensity, the prevalence and expression of selected genes associated with this phenomenon, and the correlation between increased antimicrobial resistance and biofilm formation ability of the two tested groups of S. enterica ser. Enteritidis. This study showed a difference in antimicrobial resistance (minimal inhibitory concentration value) between S. enterica ser. Enteritidis groups; however, the majority of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains were isolated from poultry (environmental samples from chicken broilers, turkey broilers, and laying hens). Differences in the prevalence of resistance genes were observed; the most common gene among poultry strains was floR, and that among strains from humans was blaTEM. S. enterica ser. Enteritidis strains isolated from poultry under the tested incubation conditions exhibited better biofilm growth than strains isolated from humans. A higher level of gene expression associated with the production of cellulose was only detected in the S48 strain isolated from poultry. On the other hand, increased expression of genes associated with quorum sensing was observed in two strains isolated from poultry farms and one strain isolated from human feces.

Highlights

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) [1], foodborne diseases remain a significant problem
Enteritidis strains isolated from poultry and human feces in terms of resistance profiles, prevalence of selected resistance genes, and their potential for biofilm formation, by assessing their biofilm growth intensity, the prevalence and expression of selected genes associated with this phenomenon, and the correlation between increased antimicrobial resistance and biofilm formation ability of the two tested groups of S. enterica ser
The presence of the ompC gene, characteristic of the Salmonella genus, and the sdfI gene, confirming that the bacteria belonged to the S. enterica ser

Summary

Introduction

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) [1], foodborne diseases remain a significant problem. Human salmonellosis is an infectious disease that occurs in a variety of clinical forms. The etiological factor of salmonellosis is most often the two non-typhoid serovars: Salmonella enterica ser. Host–host transmission in most Salmonella serovars usually occurs via the fecal–oral route, and the most common source of infection with Salmonella spp. is animal products, in particular those related to poultry, including poultry meat, eggs, and confectionery containing eggs [4,5,6,7]. Infected individuals, including poultry, humans, cattle, and pigs, can become carriers and, as a result, excrete Salmonella spp. in their feces, functioning as a reservoir for this pathogen [8,9]

Objectives

Methods

Discussion

Conclusion