Abstract
Background The NOVARON, a silver-based antimicrobial agent derived from inorganic ion exchangers developed by Toagosei and registered by FDA, has effectively indicated the antimicrobial power of silver against a variety of microbes. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of a silver-supported material (Novaron (N)) on the mechanical behaviour, antimicrobial properties, cytotoxicity and colour of light-cured resin composites. Methods Silanized aluminum borate whisker (ABWs) (4 wt%) and nano-zirconia (nano-ZrO2) (2 wt%) were mixed with the resin matrix to obtain the control groups; 4 wt% surface-modified Novaron particles were incorporated into the above matrices as the experimental groups. The surface hardness was tested. Furthermore, the antimicrobial abilities evaluated in vitro with Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) and Candida albicans (C. albicans) using the live/dead, MTT and colony-forming units (CFUs) assay. Furthermore, the effects on fibroblast growth and colour were test in this study. Results The data of the Novaron and control groups were analyzed by Student’s t-test. The results showed that the activities of S. mutans, F. nucleatum and C. albicans biofilms on the composites surface were greatly reduced (p < 0.05) and no significant difference was found in the culture medium (p > 0.05). Extracts taken from the cell culture medium of the specimens were used to evaluate cell viability. The composites did not have an adverse effect on fibroblast growth and colour in this study. The results showed that 4 wt% Novaron incorporated into the resin composites could increase the surface hardness (p < 0.05). Therefore, Novaron is a potential antimicrobial agent applying in light-cured and inorganic nanoparticles reinforced dental resin materials.
Highlights
The development of light-cured dental restorative composites has increased rapidly due to their better aesthetic properties, fewer safety concerns, ease of handling, physical properties similar to dentin and reasonably satisfactory clinical results compared with those of metallic dental amalgams (Wang et al, 2019)
Light-cured dental resin composites consist of an organic resin matrix, inorganic fillers, photo-initiators and accelerators
Statistical analysis revealed that the surface hardness was enhanced significantly with the addition of Novaron compared to that of the control groups (p < 0.05)
Summary
The development of light-cured dental restorative composites has increased rapidly due to their better aesthetic properties, fewer safety concerns, ease of handling, physical properties similar to dentin and reasonably satisfactory clinical results compared with those of metallic dental amalgams (Wang et al, 2019). Light-cured dental resin composites consist of an organic resin matrix, inorganic fillers, photo-initiators and accelerators. The most commonly used organic matrices are Bis-GMA and TEGDMA (Zhang et al, 2014a) Inorganic fillers such as zirconium dioxide, silicon dioxide and other glass particles are popularly used to improve the mechanical properties of resin composites (Wille et al, 2016). Surface modification with silane coupling agents is commonly used to increase the interfacial interaction between inorganic fillers and the organic resin matrix (Lung et al, 2016). The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of a silver-supported material (Novaron (N)) on the mechanical behaviour, antimicrobial properties, cytotoxicity and colour of light-cured resin composites. Novaron is a potential antimicrobial agent applying in light-cured and inorganic nanoparticles reinforced dental resin materials
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