Antimicrobial prescribing pattern in urinary tract infection in a tertiary care hospital

Abstract

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common illness affecting both males and females in almost all age groups. Varieties of antimicrobials such as cotrimoxazole, nitrofurantoin, fluoroquinolones, and penicillin are effective for treatment of UTI. Aims and Objectives: The present observational study was planned to generate data on antimicrobial use pattern in UTI which could be beneficial in selection of rational drug therapy in UTI. Materials and Methods: The retrospective study was carried out by analyzing indoor and outpatient department case records of UTI patients of a tertiary care hospital. The demographic data and prescription pattern, urine culture report, along with the antimicrobial sensitivity testing were evaluated. The data were analyzed by routine descriptive statistics. Results: Escherichia coli was the most common organism to be isolated in urine culture followed by Staphylococcus aureus. Cephalosporin group was the most prescribed antibiotics in all age groups. Although nitrofurantoin and cotrimoxazole were showing good sensitivity pattern when compared with other antimicrobial groups, these were least prescribed. Conclusion: The choice of antimicrobial drugs should be individualized based on patient compliance, adverse effects, availability and costing factors, along with prevailing sensitivity pattern in the locality. Nitrofurantoin can be better alternative for uncomplicated UTI when compared to third generation cephalosporins.