English

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The WHO in 1977 provided the proper definition of Drug Utilization. It has been defined as the marketing, distribution, prescription and use of drugs in society with special emphasis on the resulting medical and social consequences. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is caused by pathogenic invasion of the urinary tract which leads to an inflammatory response of the urothelium. Urinary tract infections are common burden in patients with diabetes mellitus. Cystitis, ascending infection leading to pyelonephritis, impaired leucocyte function, recurrent vaginitis, emphysematous complications and renal/perinephric abscesses are well recognized in this group of patients if glycemic control is poor. The present study was undertaken to identify the common pathogens and drug sensitivity pattern of the isolate among patients who attended the medicine outpatients department so as to guide empirical treatment. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate prescription pattern of antibiotics in UTI in medicine department in a tertiary care hospital. Study of type of patients along with type of UTI major symptoms, precipitating factors, evaluation of uropathogens. To analyze rationality among the prescriptions. METHODS AND MATERIALS: This prospective, observational and analytical study was done to assess the antibiotics prescribed in UTI in medicine department in a tertiary care hospital. Gender distribution, age wise distribution, type of patients (outpatients, inpatients), type of UTI (complicated, uncomplicated), presenting symptoms, lab investigations related to UTI, microorganisms isolated from urine culture, antibiotics prescribed for UTI, precipitating factors for UTI, route of drug administration, adjuvant drugs along with antibiotics for UTI and outcome of the treatment were evaluated. Patients receiving antibiotic therapy in UTI of either gender of age >18 years, visiting medicine department were included. Approval from the institutional ethics committee was obtained before starting the study. The study was carried out between March, 2014 and July, 2014 (5months). 120 consecutive patients receiving antibiotics for UTI were included in the study. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The incidence of urinary tract infections was more in females compared to males (1.18:1). It was more common in the age group between 31-50 years. Majority of the cases were outpatients and majority of them were uncomplicated UTI. The most common presenting symptom was dysuria. The most common organisms isolated from the urine culture and sensitivity test was E. coli. The most commonly prescribed antibiotic was amikacin. Majority of the patients recovered.