Antimicrobial Potential of Catfish (Clarias batrachus) and Snakehead Fish (Chana striata) Mucus on Bacterial Coliform Growth and its Application as the Organic Face Mask and Lipstick

Abstract

Mucus from snakehead fish (Chana striata) and catfish (Clarias batrachus) has the potential to be employed in organic cosmetics and wound healing. The aim of this study is to create antimicrobials from Clarias batrachus and Chana striata mucus that may inhibit the growth of coliform bacteria. It also seeks to establish the minimum inhibitory concentration of Clarias batrachus and Chana striata mucus extracts against the growth of Escherichia coli when cocoa extract is added as an internal ingredient for making face masks and organic lipstick. The content of anthocyanin in cocoa beans used as a natural colouring agent that can replace synthetic dyes. The pooled fish mucus was extracted with succeeding centrifugation and filtration. The acidic mucus extracts were tested for antimicrobial-inhibitory effects and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by agar-overlay diffusion and plate dilution method, respectively. The results showed that all fish mucus extracts exhibited antimicrobial effects against tested pathogens with catfish exhibiting the highest inhibitory effects against the bacteria sample as compared to the broad-spectrum antibiotic control. Interestingly, their mucus revealed inhibitory effects against bacteria at the lowest concentration (1:4 dilution). The present findings revealed the potential antimicrobial use of freshwater fish mucus against medically-important pathogens