Abstract
Background: In recent years, high attention has been given to the biological activities of natural compounds and their potential antimicrobial properties. Objective: In this study, the antibacterial properties of the extracts from tissue and peptides of Cerastoderma and Didacna were studied. Materials and Methods: samples of Cerastoderma and Didacna were collected and washed. Then, the soft tissues were cut and powdered, and concentrations of 16, 8, 4, 2, 1 and 0.5 of chloroform, ethanol and methanol, and in addition extract of enzymatic hydrolysis were prepared, and their antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella paratyphi were investigated. The disc diffusion method was used for the evaluation of strains susceptibility. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were investigated for bacterial growth inhibition. Results: Methanolic and ethanolic extracts from Cerastoderma demonstrated higher growth inhibitory effects compared to those from Didacna on E. coli and S. paratyphi and exhibited similar activities against S. aureus at concentrations 16 and 8 ug/mL. In addition, chloroform extracts of Cerastoderma and Didacna displayed similar inhibitory effects on S. paratyphi and S. aureus at concentrations 16 and 8 ug/mL which was a suitable effect, and the extract from Cerastoderma was more effective. MIC and MBC of methanolic extracts were at the lowest level, especially against S. aureus. Conclusion: It was revealed that Cerastoderma and Didacna extracts were effective as antibacterial compounds on S. aureus, E. coli and S. paratyphi species as natural agents.
Highlights
In recent years, high attention has been given to the biological activities of natural compounds and their potential antimicrobial properties
Effects of Methanolic Extract of Cerastoderma and Didacna The Cerastoderma and Didacna compounds exhibited significant differences in their effects on S. aureus, and Cerastoderma extract inhibited S. paratyphi more significantly compared to Didacna extract
The methanolic extract of Cerastoderma significantly inhibited the bacterial growth compared to gentamicin in dilutions 1 and 2 μg/mL, but such inhibition was not observed against S. paratyphi
Summary
High attention has been given to the biological activities of natural compounds and their potential antimicrobial properties. The soft tissues were cut and powdered, and concentrations of 16, 8, 4, 2, 1 and 0.5 of chloroform, ethanol and methanol, and in addition extract of enzymatic hydrolysis were prepared, and their antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella paratyphi were investigated. Results: Methanolic and ethanolic extracts from Cerastoderma demonstrated higher growth inhibitory effects compared to those from Didacna on E. coli and S. paratyphi and exhibited similar activities against S. aureus at concentrations 16 and 8 ug/mL. Conclusion: It was revealed that Cerastoderma and Didacna extracts were effective as antibacterial compounds on S. aureus, E. coli and S. paratyphi species as natural agents. This study was performed to evaluate the antibacterial properties of extracts from Cerastoderma and Didacna, the sea creatures from the Persian Gulf
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