Antimicrobial, antioxidant and in vitro anti-inflammatory activity and phytochemical screening of water extract of Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchc.

Abstract

The aim of the study was to evaluate antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of dry and fresh parts of leaf, stem and flower from the water extract of Wedelia trilobata. The antimicrobial activity of water extracts of fresh and dry parts against 9 different strains of bacteria and 11 different species of fungi were determined using standard method (paper disc method). The fresh parts water extracts showed that, leaf and flower extracts were most potent inhibiting all isolates of with different zones of inhibition but did not inhibited the growth of fungi tested. All the extracts have only moderately inhibited the all fungi. The minimum microbial concentration (MMC) of the active extract was observed from fresh part extracts of leaf, flower and stem ranged from 0.4 to 5.0 mg/ml for the sensitive bacteria. In case of fungi, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the active extracts ranged from 2.4 to 6.0 mg/ml. Together, these data suggest that the W. trilobata fresh parts extracts analyzed are potential antimicrobial candidates with a broad range of activity. Phytochemical screening of extracts showed the presence of tannins, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenols, saponins and coumarins. Leaf and flower water have showed highest total phenolic content. In 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) method, the leaf and flower had showed free radical inhibition of 86, 83 and 1623.21, 1611.26, respectively and they also showed in vitro antiinflammatory activity by inhibiting the heat induced albumin denaturation and red blood cells membrane stabilization with 89.61 and 86.81 and 78.82, 76.65 g/ml, respectively. Proteinase activity was also significantly inhibited by the leaf (83.91 g/ml) and flower (81.17 g/ml). From the result, it is concluded that phytochemicals present in the W. trilobata extract may be responsible and can be used as antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent.