Abstract
Antimicrobial evaluation of methanol extract of Sarcochlamys pulcherrima leaf and its hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water fractions against 31 strains of microorganisms, using agar well, agar disc diffusion, and broth microdilution methods, revealed the activity of methanol extract against Trichophyton mentagrophytes , Candida albicans , Staphylococcus aureus and Escheracia coli (zone of inhibition: 21-40 mm, 200 mg/mL, and MIC: 6.25-50 mg/mL). All fractions also displayed antimicrobial activity (5-20 mg/mL), indeed ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions showed better activity (MIC: 0.156 to 2.5 mg/mL). C. albicans was most sensitive to n-butanol fraction (15 mm, 2.5 mg/mL). Ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions were more active against T. mentagrophytes (12 mm at 1.25 mg/mL) and S. aureus (ethyl acetate-16 mm, n-butanol-14 mm at 0.625 mg/mL). E. coli was inhibited by n-butanol fraction (13 mm at 2.5 mg/mL). Further, n-butanol fraction (400 µg/disc) exhibited promising activity against 14 bacteria, 2 dermatophytes and 2 yeasts strains. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjp.v9i1.16760 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2014; 9: 4-9
Highlights
The steadily increasing drug resistant microorganisms such as bacteria, Candida species and dermatophytes are a therapeutic challenge
As per standard protocol a small set of reference microorganisms, which represent common pathogenic species of different classes may be used in primary antimicrobial screening (Paul et al, 2006)
Four microorganisms namely, T. mentagrophytes, C. albicans, S. aureus and E. coli, which represented dermatophytes, yeast, Gram (+ve) and Gram (-ve) bacteria respectively were used in the initial antimicrobial study by agar well
Summary
The steadily increasing drug resistant microorganisms such as bacteria, Candida species and dermatophytes are a therapeutic challenge. We observed promising antimicrobial and anti-oxidant activity of the methanol extract of S. pulcherrima leaves. Encouraging with the findings, the present study was undertaken to fractionate the methanol extract followed by antimicrobial test in order to identify the fractions with better activity. Antimicrobial activity of methanol extract from S. pulcherrma leaves
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