Anti-Inflammation Property of Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels on Indomethacin-Induced Acute Gastric Ulceration.

Lanchakon Chanudom,Jitbanjong Tangpong

doi:10.1155/2015/343642

Abstract

Indomethacin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs), induced gastric damage and perforation through the excess generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels is commonly used as a medicinal plant and is claimed to have antioxidant activities. The effects of Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels aqueous extract (SCC) on antifree radical, anti-inflammation, and antiulcer of SCC on indomethacin induced acute gastric ulceration were determined in our study. Scavenging activity at 50% of SCC is higher than ascorbic acid in in vitro study. Mice treated with indomethacin revealed mucosal hemorrhagic lesion and inhibited mucus content. Pretreatment with SCC caused discernible decrease in indomethacin induced gastric lesion and lipid peroxide content. In addition, oxidized glutathione (GSSG), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), nitric oxide (NO) levels, and gastric wall mucus were restored on acute treated mice model. Indomethacin induced inflammation by activated inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) proinflammatory cytokines to release large amount of ROS/RNS which were ameliorated in mice pretreatment with SCC. SCC showed restoration of the imbalance of oxidative damage leading to amelioration of cyclooxygenase enzyme (COX). In conclusion, SCC acts as an antioxidant, anti-inflammation, and antiulcer against indomethacin.

Highlights

Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels from Myrtaceae family is a native tree of the tropics, originally from India and Southeast Asia
Total phenolic content of Skeels aqueous crude extracts (SCC) was found to be increased from 134.44 ± 2.22–694.44 ± 3.64 μgGAE/mL at the concentration of 62.5–2000 μg/mL of SCC, respectively, depending on dose dependent manner
The total flavonoid content was increased from 0.21 ± 0.04–8.27 ± 0.10 μgquercetin/mL at the concentration of 125–2000 μg/mL of SCC, respectively

Summary

Introduction

Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels from Myrtaceae family is a native tree of the tropics, originally from India and Southeast Asia. It is widespread in north, northeast, and south of Thailand and used as a popular treatment against various diseases. The bark, fruits, seeds, and leaves of Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels were used for the treatment of diabetes and administered in various pharmaceutical preparations in Brazil [1]. Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels has been shown to have sedative and anticonvulsant effects and a potent central nervous system depressant effect [2] and this plant is rich in compounds containing anthocyanins, glucoside, ellagic acid, isoquercetin, kaempferol, and myricetin. The leaves are claimed to contain acylated flavonol glycosides, quercetin, myricetin, myricetin 3-0-4-acetyl-L-rhamnopyranoside, triterpenoids, esterase, galloyl carboxylase, and tannin [3]

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